How long ?!

As you have already said in your post you already have 1 page indexed by Google, the time it takes depends on many factors but the best ways to get things moving quickly is to submit a sitemap to all the major search engines and then just get as many links pointing to your site as possiable.

This will soon get your site listed, also to further your progress make sure you keep adding new content as often as possiable and try to make sure your pages are optimized well, as in using headers properly, alt attribute propley, url text and all the other things which make a page do better in search engines.

How long did it finally take to get your site listed? Most new sites I put up and submit are listed in Google and Yahoo in a week or two.

I think it all depends on the site itself. Some sites will be up and seen in the top pages if the content of the site is not a 'household name' kind of item. If your site sells Kleenex, and you post it to google, it might take a long time until it is in the top page or even pages. But if you sell something that not too many other sites sell, then you will corner the market on search queries. Or at least that’s what I have come across with some of mine.

You should optimize your pages and simultaneously you need strong back linking.
Give more to on page optimization or to off page factor.

Slowly build backlinks to get the crawlers to your site more often. Don't worry about the engines listing you, work on your site and the rankings will come.